Occlusion in augmented reality (AR) refers to the visual blockage that occurs when real-world objects obstruct the view of virtual elements. For example, if a user places a virtual chair behind a real table, the table should cover part of that chair when viewed from the right angle. Accurate management of occlusion is crucial for creating a realistic AR experience, as it helps to blend virtual and real-world elements seamlessly.
Managing occlusion in AR involves various techniques and technologies. One common method is to use depth sensing, where the AR system captures the distance between the camera and the surrounding objects. Depth sensors, such as LiDAR or stereo cameras, allow developers to create a depth map of the environment. This depth map helps the system understand which real-world objects come in front of or behind the virtual elements, enabling appropriate occlusion effects. For instance, if the camera detects a wall in front of a 3D model, the model will be partially hidden from view, creating a believable interaction.
Additionally, developers can implement occlusion through occlusion meshes or planes. These are virtual surfaces that represent the shapes of real-world objects. When rendering virtual elements, the AR software can use these meshes to determine visibility and apply occlusion accurately. This method is especially useful in environments where depth sensing is limited or unavailable. In practice, blending these techniques leads to a more immersive AR experience, allowing users to engage with virtual objects in a way that feels natural and integrated with their real environments.