While artificial neural networks (ANNs) are powerful tools for solving complex problems, they have certain limitations. One major issue is their inability to explain decisions in an understandable manner. ANNs, especially deep neural networks, are often considered "black boxes" because it can be difficult to interpret how a network arrived at a particular decision. This lack of transparency is a significant challenge in industries like healthcare or finance, where decision-making must be explainable. Another limitation is that ANNs require large amounts of labeled data for training. In situations where data is scarce or expensive to label, neural networks may not perform well. This makes them less ideal for applications where data is not readily available, such as rare disease diagnosis or low-resource settings. ANNs also struggle with generalization. While they excel at tasks they've been trained on, they often fail to adapt when presented with new, unseen data that differs from the training set. This issue is particularly prevalent in domains like natural language processing, where slight changes in context can cause a model to misinterpret information. Additionally, ANNs require substantial computational resources, especially for deep learning models, making them inefficient in low-power environments like mobile devices or embedded systems. Lastly, ANNs cannot reason or perform tasks that require high-level abstract thinking or common sense, such as understanding humor, moral reasoning, or complex physical interactions. These limitations highlight areas where current neural network-based systems still fall short.
What can artificial neural networks not do?

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