Autonomous robots operate independently, using their own sensors and algorithms to navigate and complete tasks without human intervention. They make decisions based on the data they collect from their environment. For example, a robotic vacuum cleaner moves around a home, detecting obstacles and mapping out areas to clean, all on its own. These robots utilize various technologies, such as computer vision or lidar, to understand their surroundings and respond accordingly.
On the other hand, teleoperated robots require real-time human control to perform tasks. An operator uses a remote interface, such as a joystick or a computer dashboard, to command the robot from a distance. An example of this would be a bomb disposal robot, which is controlled by a technician who can see the robot's camera feed and direct its actions. In these scenarios, the robot does not have the ability to make autonomous decisions; it simply follows the commands given by the operator.
The fundamental difference lies in the level of human involvement. Autonomous robots are designed to function without human input, relying on their programming and sensors. Conversely, teleoperated robots depend entirely on human operators for guidance and decision-making to complete tasks. Each type has its own advantages and use cases, with autonomous robots being more suited for repetitive tasks in known environments, while teleoperated robots excel in complex or dangerous situations where human oversight is crucial.